maryland court case type abbreviations

Merits -- Strict legal rights of the parties; a decision on the merits is one that reaches the right(s) of a party as distinguished from a disposition of the case on a ground not reaching the rights raised in the action; for example, in a criminal case double jeopardy does not apply if charges are nolle prossed before trial commences, and in a civil action res judicata does not apply if a previous action was dismissed on a preliminary motion raising a technicality such as improper service of process. Public Record -- A record maintained in a government office, such as a court record, available for inspection by the general public. These tables give the various abbreviations for the U.S. Federal Courts including the U.S. Supreme Court, U.S. Court of Appeals and U.S. District Courts. The purpose of this bond is to assure that the appellant will prosecute his appeal and will appear in court. Copyright 2023 Maryland Judiciary. Appellate Court of Maryland -- Marylands intermediate appellate court wherein review is ordinarily a matter of right. For partial first name searches, optionally enter any characters followed by the %. Reverse Waiver -- Procedure by which charges against a minor defendant are transferred from the circuit court to the juvenile court. Typically defendants enter one of the following pleas: guilty, not guilty, or nolo contendere. Law Enforcement Unit -- A State, county, or municipal police department or unit, the office of a Sheriff, the office of a States Attorney, or the office of the Attorney General of the State. Deposition -- Pretrial examination of a witness on written or oral questions answered under oath, used to discover the witness testimony in preparation for trial, and admissible at trial in lieu of live testimony if the witness is unavailable or refused to testify. Original Jurisdiction -- Jurisdiction of the first court to hear a case. Statement of Charges -- A charging document, other than a citation, filed in District Court by a peace officer or by a judicial officer. Original Jurisdiction -- Jurisdiction of the first court to hear a case. Res Judicata -- The matter already has been decided; a rule against relitigation of issues. Recall -- Cancellation by the court of a warrant before its execution by the arrest of the defendant. Probable Cause -- Information given to a judicial officer that is sufficient in itself to warrant the issuance of a charging document. A person so served becomes a third-party defendant. Adjudication -- A judgment or decision of a court or jury regarding a case. A witness who fails to comply with a subpoena. Bench Warrant -- A warrant issued by a judge for the arrest of a defendant for failure to appear in court as required. Tenant Holding Over (THO) -- A landlord-tenant action filed by the lessor to repossess certain leased premises which the tenant has not vacated after notice. Venue -- The geographical division in which an action or prosecution may be brought for trial. Modification -- (a change or alteration) An order changing the terms of a prior order of the Court. Absconding Debtor -- A person who leaves a jurisdiction purposefully to avoid legal process. Procedural Law -- The method, established normally by rules, to be followed in a case; the formal steps in a judicial proceeding. Wrongful Detainer -- (formerly known as Forcible Entry and Detainer) A proceeding for regaining possession from someone who has wrongfully taken or refused to surrender possession of property. Marital Property -- The property, however titled, acquired by one or both parties during the marriage. Expungement -- The effective removal of police and/or court record from public inspection. To further that cause, the Maryland Judiciary has implemented CAPTCHA technology to confirm users are not robots or other automated systems in order to access and use CaseSearch. Terms of Use/Disclaimer. Non Est (Inventus) (Trans: not to be found) -- the sheriffs return of process when service is not made because the person was not found. (see De Novo). Affirmed (Judgment) -- A decision by an appellate court finding that the judgment of a lower court is correct and should stand. April 24, 2023. Confessed Judgment -- An action seeking final judgment based upon a person agreeing, in advance, to the entry of judgment against them upon the occurrence or non-occurrence of an event, such as making a payment. Shielded Record - A record or information in a record removed from public inspection by a judge or commissioner. (Compare Public, Shielded, or Confidential Record). Change of Venue -- The transfer or removal of a civil or criminal case from one judicial district to another. Judicial Officer -- A judge or a District Court commissioner. (Also known as Reconsideration). Of no practical importance. This quick reference is not produced by or affiliated with the State of Maryland. EVENT CODES TRAFFIC ACHG/Accounts Receivable Change ADDL/Additional Paper in District Free-form comment ADDR/ Defendant Address Changed ADEL/Accounts Receivable Delete APPL/Appeal Filed Free-form comment AWDR/Appeal Withdrawn Free-form comment BALR/Bail Review Hearing Date/Bond Received Date; Bail Amount; Defendant Status Code; Percentage Information -- A charging document filed in a court by a States Attorney. Witness -- One who testifies to what he has seen, heard, or otherwise observed and who is not necessarily a party to the action. (Compare Public, Sealed, or Confidential Record). Amount Forfeited; Type of Bond Code; Bonding Agent Code; Bonding Company Code; Percentage Forfeited EVENT CODES CRIMINAL BALR/Bail Review Hearing Date/Bond Received Date; Bail Amount; Defendant Status Code; Percentage Required; Type of Bond Code; Judge ID# BFDA/Bond Forfeiture Satisfied - Defendant Appeared BFSA/Bond Forfeiture Satisfied Post Conviction -- A procedure by which a convicted defendant challenges the conviction and/or sentence on the basis of some alleged violation or error. Suppress -- To stop, prohibit, prevent, subdue; with respect to evidence, to prevent its use by showing it was obtained illegally or is irrelevant. Third Party Claim -- A defendant may cause a summons and complaint to be served upon a person not a party to the action who is or may be liable to the defendant for all or part of a plaintiffs claim against the defendant. The defendant is also advised of right to counsel, referred to the Public Defender, if eligible, and informed that further appearance in court without counsel is deemed to be a waiver of counsel. True Copy Test -- A copy of a court document given under the clerks seal, but not certified. Bifurcate -- To try issues separately, such as criminal responsibility and guilt in a criminal proceeding and liability and damages in a civil action. Mistrial -- A trial that has been terminated and declared void due to prejudicial error in the proceedings or other extraordinary circumstances. Res Gestae -- Things done; rule under which a remark made spontaneously and concurrently with an incident carries an inherent degree of credibility and is admissible because of its spontaneous nature (excited utterance); an exception to the hearsay rule. Wrongful Death -- A lawsuit brought by a decedents survivors for their damages resulting from a tortuous injury that caused the decedents death. Bill of Particulars -- A demand by a defendant in writing, unless otherwise ordered by the court, seeking specific factual details about a civil complaint or criminal charge; in a criminal case, the purpose of the bill of particulars is to guard against the taking of an accused by surprise by limiting the scope of the proof. Presentment Before Grand Jury -- Presentation of evidence, including testimony of witnesses, by the States Attorney to the grand jury to establish probable cause that the accused committed the alleged offense and to seek issuance of an indictment. Purge -- To cleanse or clear; eliminate inactive records from court files; with respect to a civil contempt, to curve the noncompliance that caused the contempt finding. Modifications can be ordered in open and closed cases. Counter Complaint -- A claim filed by a defendant in a civil case against the plaintiff. Line (Praecipe) (Trans: command) -- A written request by an attorney entering his/her appearance, for the client before the court. Levy -- A setting aside of the defendants property made by the sheriff or constable; this property is placed in custody of law. Pleadings -- The formal allegations by the parties of their respective claims and defenses for the judgment of the court; in criminal matters, this includes a charging document. Action -- All the steps by which a party seeks to enforce any right in a court or all the steps of a criminal prosecution. States Attorney -- A person authorized to prosecute an offense on behalf of the State or a political subdivision thereof. Preliminary Inquiry -- Pre-trial hearing to determine that the defendant has received a copy of the charging document and under-stands the offenses with which he is charged and the penalties thereof. Enforcement -- Action taken to obtain compliance with a court order. (Compare Public Record or Confidential Record). FindLaw Codes may not reflect the most recent version of the law in your jurisdiction. Appeals, Certiorari, and Certification of Questions. Nunc Pro Tunc -- Now for then; phrase used when an order is issued on one date but is effective as if issued on an earlier date when it should have been issued. Limited Order (LO) A limited order to locate assets or a will. Small Estate (SE) - Assets subject to administration valued at $30,000 or less ($50,000 if the spouse is the sole legatee or heir). Nunc Pro Tunc -- Now for then; phrase used when an order is issued on one date but is effective as if issued on an earlier date when it should have been issued. A disregard of, or disobedience to, the rules or orders of a judicial body or an interruption of its proceedings by disorderly behavior or insolent language. Crimes of Violence -- Maryland Law provides a definition for Crimes of Violence as they relate to mandatory sentences in certain crimes and crimes of violence relating to pistols and revolvers. In Banc Review -- A review of the trial courts rulings or judgment by a panel of three circuit court judges. Bench -- Process issued by the court itself, or from the bench, for the attachment or arrest of a person. Summons -- A writ notifying the person named that an action has been filed against the person and Warrant -- A written order by a judicial officer commanding a peace officer to arrest the person named in it or to search for and seize property as described in it. Exhibits -- Documents and other tangible things that are attached to a pleading or offered as evidence in a case, after being marked for identification. An order entered by a judge suspending or postponing a proceeding or execution of an action before the Court. Limited Jurisdiction -- the authority over only particular types of cases, or cases under a prescribed amount in controversy, or seeking only certain types of relief, the District Court is a court of limited jurisdiction. Witness -- One who testifies to what he has seen, heard, or otherwise observed and who is not necessarily a party to the action. Oral Examination -- A request by plaintiff (judgment creditor) to discover the assets of a defendant (judgment debtor) after entry of judgment. Small Estate Judicial (SJ) - A proceeding conducted by the Orphans' Court when matters cannot be handled administratively. Opinion -- The statement of the courts decision in a case, setting out the reasons for the decision. Prayer for a Jury Trial -- Request of a defendant in certain cases to be tried by a jury. 959 P.2d 128 (1998), the officer's use of . Contempt, Civil -- Noncompliance with a court order or rule that affects another person; punishment is administered to compel compliance. It also includes a probable cause determination on a warrantless arrest and advice of preliminary hearing in felony cases. Please note the % cannot be inserted at the beginning or middle of words.
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